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thumbnail of Systems thinking for sustainability Using ActorMaps to compare transport schemes

Author
Rich C. McIlroy & John M. Preston
Abstract
Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is a smart mobility idea that aims to help people drive less by facilitating the combination of multiple modes of transport, planned, booked, paid for, and navigated through a single app. This apparent simplicity belies the complex structure of the underlying sociotechnical system. Here we take a systems ergonomics perspective, using Rasmussen’s Risk Management Framework to analyse three current MaaS systems, i.e., Jelbi in Berlin, Floya in Brussels, and Breeze in the UK’s Solent region, to proactively identify risks to success.