Document

Author
Nora BALFE, Sean GEOGHEGAN and Brendan SMITH
Abstract
Signals Passed At Danger (SPAD) continue to be a key risk in railway operations, particularly in areas where safety systems such as TPWS are not yet implemented. This paper discusses the investigation of SPAD events on the Irish railway network and proposes a taxonomy and dashboard for tracking the factors influencing human performance in this context. The dashboard allows the performance shaping factors influencing different error types to be explored and analysed, enabling the development of more effective, systematic recommendations and the communication of human factors to key stakeholders.